The state-owned Port Authority of Thailand (PAT) is the country's main body for managing and supervising the central and regional ports to maintain the ports' competitiveness. The PAT works with government and private sector interests to promote commerce, assure modern cargo handling and transportation, and facilitate logistics and multimodal transport.
The PAT regulates and governs all Thailand ports, focusing on the country's two major ports, the Port of Bangkok and Laem Chabang. The PAT runs the ports in cooperation with private companies like Hutchison Port Holdings and PSA International. PAT is headquartered in the Port of Bangkok.
The Port of Bangkok occupies about 941 acres, 344 of which are within the Customs area used for operational purposes. The Port of Bangkok contains wharves, administrative buildings, warehouse, transit sheds, and open storage areas. Outside the Port of Bangkok's Customs area are 29 acres for future expansion, 76 acres for access roads, and 344 acres for business development. The Port of Bangkok has easy access to Thailand's road and rail systems
The Port of Bangkok includes a coastal area of about 66 kilometers (44 miles). The approach to the Port of Bangkok is through an 18-kilometer (11.2-mile) bar channel that is from 150 to 250 meters (492 to 820 feet) wide that is maintained to a depth of 8.5 meters (27.9 feet). Depths within the Port of Bangkok range from 8.5 to 11 meters (27.9 to 36.1 feet).
With total quay length of 1528 meters (5013 feet), the East Quay in the Port of Bangkok has eight berths, seven of which can accommodate vessels from 172.26 meters (565.2 feet) in length with maximum draft of 8.23 meters (27 feet), and one can handle vessels of 91.46 meters (300 feet) in length with a draft of 4.57 meters (15 feet).
The Klongtoey Dolphin in the Port of Bangkok has 1400 meters (4593 feet) of quay with 36 berths. It can accommodate seven vessels with a length of 172.26 meters (565 feet) with draft of 8.23 meters (27 feet). With a total length of 1520 meters (4987 feet), the Bang Hua Sua Dolphin in the Port of Bangkok has 25 berths and can accommodate eight vessels with a length of 172.26 meters and draft of 8.23 meters. The Port of Bangkok's Mooring Buoy at Sathupradit is 1580 meters (5184 feet) long with five berths. It can accommodate four vessels with length of 137.19 meters (450 feet) and draft of 7.62 meters (25 feet) and one vessel of 91.46 meters (300 feet) with draft of seven meters (23 feet).
The fleet of the Port of Bangkok includes 11 tug boats with hp of from 1225 to 2440. The Port of Bangkok also has 12 rope boats, seven hopper barges, five coastal tugs, five survey boats, three dredgers, three trailing suction hopper dredgers, two buoy tenders, two garbage boats, a water supplying boat, and a yacht and inspection boat.
The Port of Bangkok has a wide range of cargo-handling equipment that includes 14 32.5- to 40-ton rail mounted shore-side gantry cranes, 36 rubber-tyred gantry cranes, three 10-ton mobile cranes, and seven 50-ton mobile cranes. Container-handling equipment in the Port of Bangkok includes 57 30-ton container chassis, 94 45-ton container chassis, 25 7-ton empty container reach stackers, and 154 30- to 40-ton container tractors. Other Port of Bangkok equipment includes 35 40-ton top loaders, 14 towing tractors, 35 40-ton top loaders, 11 multi-purpose trailers, 222 forklift trucks and 45 5- to 7-ton motor trucks. The Port of Bangkok has a nine of tractors for trailers: two 30-ton, four 20-ton, and three 8-ton.
Port of Bangkok storage areas include warehouses, transit sheds, and open yards. Transit Sheds 1 through 8 cover a total of 9.7 hectares and include 3.7 hectares of inside area and six hectares of outside area. Transit sheds 9, 11, and 13 through 17 in the Port of Bangkok cover a total 13.1 hectares, including 4.7 hectares of inside area, 7.4 hectares of outside area, and 4.1 hectares of open yard. Supplementary transit sheds 4 and 5 cover one inside acre. The Port of Bangkok's Container Terminal 1 has a 9.9 hectare yard, and Container Terminal 2 has a 4.9 hectare yard. The Port of Bangkok has empty container yards with capacity for 8520 TEUs and an open yard for stuffing 2208 TEUs of containers.
The Port of Bangkok's bonded warehouses include the Red Building covering 1.6 inside acres and the New Building with 3120 square meters (33.6 thousand square feet) of inside storage. The Overtime Cargo Warehouse in the Port of Bangkok offers 2.2 acres of inside storage and 1120 square meters (12 thousand square feet) of outside storage. The vehicle warehouse offers 1.9 acres, one thousand square meters (10.7 thousand square feet) inside and 1.7 acres outside. The Port of Bangkok has two warehouses for dangerous cargo. One has 976 square meters (10.4 thousand square feet) of inside storage and 4.2 acres of open yard. The second has 1.3 acres, 2104 square meters (22.6 thousand square feet) of inside storage and 3156 square meters (almost 34 thousand square feet) of open yard.
In 2011, the Port of Bangkok welcomed 2906 vessels carrying almost 17.3 million tons of cargo, including 1.3 million TEUs of containerized cargo. Cargo handled in the Port of Bangkok in 2011 included almost ten million tons of inbound cargo and 7.3 million tons of outbound cargo. Conventional cargoes of nearly 2.2 million tons included two million tons inbound and 162.6 thousand tons outbound. Containerized cargoes included over 7.9 million tons (in 737.5 thousand TEUs) inbound and over 7.1 million tons (in 567.9 thousand TEUs) outbound.
- Container terminals
Port of Bangkok import services include discharging, stripping, storing, and delivery of containers. Full container load (FCL) containers are stored in the terminal marshaling yard and normally stripped at off-dock or at the shippers' warehouses. Inbound less-than-full container load (LCL) containers are stored temporarily at the Port of Bangkok marshaling yard before being moved to the allocated transit shed. Port stevedores or private operators strip the LCL containers, which are then either delivered directly to the customer or moved to the transit shed. Incoming empty containers are stored in the Empty Container Yard and then either moved to the stuffing area or to the importers' property. Reefer containers are plugged in immediately in the Port of Bangkok Reefer Yard.
Export services in the Port of Bangkok include receiving and loading containers. Full and empty containers are checked at the main gates before they are stacked in the marshaling yard to await loading. The Port of Bangkok also has a stuffing area and equipment for full containers to be exported. The Port of Bangkok has a special export zone where large consignments can be consolidated to reduce exporter expenses. Such cargoes include rice, tapioca, rubber, garments, paper and plastics, and a variety of agricultural products. The Port of Bangkok's Special Export Zone is located behind Transit Shed 6 offers services for both full and less-than-full containers.
The Port of Bangkok offers facilities for reefer containers in three areas. Container Terminal 1 has 385 plugs. Container Terminal 2 has 180 plugs. There are an additional 100 plugs in the open area adjacent to Transit Shed 17.
The Port of Bangkok also offers pre-trip inspection and pre-cool services to promote the export of Thailand's chilled and frozen products. Reefer container services are fully integrated to reduce preparation and transport times.
Container Terminals 1 and 2 are located at the Port of Bangkok's East Quay. Container Terminal 1 has four berths with total berthing distance of 680 meters (2231 feet) with alongside depth of 8.2 meters (26.9 feet) that can accommodate vessels of from ten to 12 thousand DWT. Berth 20A in the Port of Bangkok has berthing distance of 162 meters (531.5 feet). Berth 20AB has berthing distance of 152 meters (498.7 feet). Berths 20B and 20C each have berthing distance of 183 meters (600.4 feet).
Container Terminal 1 in the Port of Bangkok has a 9.9 hectare marshaling yard with 2836 ground slots. Blocks A, B, C, and D have capacity for 6840 TEUs of containers. There are reefer plugs for 385 units. The Port of Bangkok's Container Terminal 1 has eight rail-mounted gantry cranes with capacity from 35.5 to 40 tons. It has 22 rubber-tyred gantry cranes, two 40-ton top loaders, two empty container reach stackers, 53 container tractors, and 53 container chassis.
The Port of Bangkok's Container Terminal 1 has a staff of 30 and operates 24 hours a day, seven days a week. The receiving and delivery gates are also open 24 hours a day. Container Terminal 1 has in-house customs clearance.
Container Terminal 2 at the Port of Bangkok's East Quay has four berths with total berthing distance of 640.5 meters (feet) with alongside depth of 8.2 meters (feet). Accommodating vessels from 10- to 12-thousand DWT, Berths 20D, 20E, and 20G each have berthing distance of 183 meters (feet). Berth 20G has berthing distance of 91.5 meters (feet) with alongside depth of 4.5 meters (feet).
The Port of Bangkok's Container Terminal 2 has a five-hectare marshaling yard and 1554 ground slots. Blocks E, F, G, and H have capacity for 6357 TEUs of containers and 1805 reefer plugs. Container Terminal 2 is equipped with six 35.5- to 38-ton rail-mounted gantry cranes and 12 rubber-tyred gantry cranes. It has one 40-ton top loader and one empty container reach stacker. Container Terminal 2 in the Port of Bangkok has 45 tractors for containers and 45 container chassis. Container Terminal 2 has a staff of 237 people and is open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The receiving and delivery gate is also open 24 hours a day, and it has in-house custom clearance service.
- Bulk and breakbulk terminals
Breakbulk cargoes are berthed at the Port of Bangkok's West Quay. There are 13 hectares of storage areas for breakbulk cargoes in the Port of Bangkok that include warehouses, transit sheds, and open storage areas.
The West Quay in the Port of Bangkok has total quay length of 6160 meters (20.2 thousand feet). With berthing distance of 115 meters (377.3 feet), the passenger berth (Berth 22A) can accommodate one vessels with maximum length of 172.26 meters (565.2 feet) and maximum draft of 8.23 meters (27 feet). The nine conventional berths (Berths 22B-22J) have total length of 1545 meters (5069 feet) and can accommodate nine vessels of 172.26 meters in length with draft of 8.23 meters.
- Ro/Ro terminals
The Port of Bangkok has two dedicated areas for automobiles. There is a 1.7-acre open area for automobiles and a 1.9-acre covered area for finer cars.
- Port services
Pilotage service is required for all vessels sailing between the Port of Bangkok entrance and the port's upper limit on the river. The Marine Department provides pilots.
The Port of Bangkok has a One-Stop Service Center and bonded warehouses. Bonded Warehouse 1 is a three-story building with about 1.5 acres for cargoes of less than one ton. Bonded Warehouse 2 is part of the Port of Bangkok's Overtime Cargoes Warehouse. It has a 3200-square-meter (34.4 thousand square foot) operating area that can keep heavy cargoes of as much as five tons. There is a supplement area next to Warehouse 2 of about three thousand square meters (32.3 thousand square feet).
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